Insufficiency fractures in patients with chronic inflammatory joint diseases. Distinguishing Jones and proximal diaphyseal fractures of the fifth metatarsal. Hallux, sesamoid, and first metatarsal injuries. Eating disorder symptomatology among ballet dancers. The effect of triceps surae contracture force on plantar foot pressure distribution. Foot Ankle Int 1996 17:89-94.ģ6.Ěronow MS, Diaz-Doran V, Sullivan RJ, Adams DJ. Stress fractures at the base of the second metatarsal in ballet dancers. O'Malley MJ, Hamilton WG, Munyak J, DeFranco MJ. Current concepts review: Stress fractures of the foot. Risk factors for recurrent stress fractures in athletes. Korpelainen R, Orava S, Karpakka J, Siira P, Hulkko A. Bone stress injuries of the ankle and foot: an 86-month magnetic resonance imaging-based study of physically active young adults. Niva MH, Sormaala MJ, Kiuru MJ, Haataja R, Ahovuo JA, Pihlajamaki HK. Stress fractures of the second metatarsal involving Lisfranc’s joint in ballet dancers. Harrington, T Crichton, KJ Anderson, IF: Overuse ballet injury of the base of the second metatarsal. Stress fractures of the second metatarsal base occur in nondancers. Second metatarsal stress fracture in sport: comparative risk factors between proximal and non-proximal locations. Multiple simultaneous metatarsal stress fractures in the same foot. Mert M, Unkar EA, Ozluk AV, Tuzuner T, Erdoğan S. Operative treatment of dislocated simple fracture of the neck of the metatarsal bone. Foot segment kinematics during normal walking using a multisegment model of the foot and ankle complex. Force, pressure, and motion measurements in the foot: current concepts. Biomechanical model of the human foot: kinematics and kinetics during stance phase of walking. Chicago (IL): Sixth Annual Northlake Surgical Seminar 1976.Ģ0. The intrinsic vascular supply to the first and lesser metatarsals: Surgical considerations. The arterial supply of the lesser metatarsal heads: a vascular injection study in human cadavers. Petersen WJ, Lankes JM, Paulsen F, Hassenpflug J. The intraosseous blood supply of the fifth metatarsal: implications for proximal farcture healing. The microvascular anatomy of the metatarsal bones: a plastination study. Churchill Livingstone, 2009.ġ5.Ĝheung J and Au-Yong I. The anatomical basis of clinical practice. Sánchez Alepuz E, Vicent Carsi V, Alcántara P, Llabrés AJ. Open or closed treatment of metatarsal fractures: indications and techniques. Fractures of the base of the metatarsals. Metatarsal fractures: a review and current concepts. Stress fractures about the tibia, foot, and ankle. Lisfranc joint injuries: trauma mechanisms and associated injuries. The epidemiology of metatarsal fractures. Demographics and outcome of metatarsal fractures. The clinical and functional outcomes are often influenced by the pattern of fractures and patient conditions and are reported in the literature up to 39% of poor results.ġ.Ĝakir H, Van Vliet-Koppert ST, Van Lieshout EM, De Vries MR, Van Der Elst M, Schepers T. Multiple metatarsal fractures often occur in the contiguous bones, so clinicians will also have to carefully inspect metatarsals and adjacent joints such as Lisfranc articulation. Therefore, an alternative approach is an osteosynthesis with a dorsal plate. Spiral fractures should be treated by interfragmentary screws, which positioning may result difficult due to the adjacent metatarsals. Intramedullary fixation with K-wires seem to be the most common and valid surgical treatment in simple fractures. Fractures with less than 10° of angulation and 3-4 mm of translation in any plane are typically treated conservatively, while operative treatment is generally reserved for fractures out if these values. Diagnosis is based on the history of trauma and clinical examination, relating with instrumental exams. Anatomy and metatarsal kinematics merits attention due to its influence on function, injuries and treatment options. Third metatarsal is injured most frequently than the others and up to 63% is associated with second or fourth metatarsal fractures and up to 28% with both. More frequently fractures are those of the fifth metatarsal, followed by CMF and therefore by the first metatarsal. Central metatarsal fractures (CMF) are common injuries.
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